Chikwama, ndiko kuti, zikwama zam'manja ndi zikwama, kuphatikiza ma wallet, makiyi, zikwama zandalama, zikwama, zikwama, zikwama,matumba akusukulu, matumba pamapewa,Chikwama Chodzikongoletsera,zikwama,Chikwama Chozizira,zikwama zokoka, ndi zina zotero. Sizimangogwiritsidwa ntchito posungira zinthu zaumwini, koma zingasonyezenso umunthu wa munthu, udindo wake, mkhalidwe wake wachuma, ngakhalenso umunthu wake.Chikwama chachikopa chosankhidwa bwino chimakhala ndi mapeto, chikhoza kukongoletsa ngati mkazi weniweni wa kolala yoyera.

Mbiri yachitukuko cha matumba

Kuchokera ku classic mpaka zamakono, kukwera kwa thumba lachikwama kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa zovala.Popeza masiketi a wavy okhala ndi malamba adasinthidwa ndi zovala zodzipangira okha kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, azimayi akhala akuyang'ana matumba omwe amatha kusunga zinthu zawo.Kathumba woyamba wooneka ngati khoka anapezerapo mwayi pa nthawiyo.Thumba lalitali lokulungidwa ndi zingweli linali losavuta kugwira ndipo linakhala "chokongoletsera chachikwama" chenichenicho.Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, machitidwe a zovala za mafashoni ali ngati mafashoni, akusintha tsiku ndi tsiku.Ndipo udindo wake wakwera pang'onopang'ono, kukhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pa zovala za amayi, monga zokongoletsera zamatumba.Kutengera zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yanthawi, komanso zochitika zosiyanasiyana, matumba achikazi asintha mosalekeza.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, Ulaya adatsegula zitseko zake kudziko lapansi, ndipo matumba akuluakulu oyendayenda adakhala chofunikira kuti alowe ndi kutuluka ku Ulaya.Chikwama chachikuluanabadwa moyenerera.

Kukula kwa ndudu m'zaka za m'ma 2000 kunapangitsa kuti mabokosi ang'onoang'ono a ndudu akhale ngati zokongoletsera kwa azimayi kuti azipita kumalo ochezera, ndipo zokongoletsera zamatumba ang'onoang'ono zidayikidwa pamsika wambiri.Mu 1929, nyenyezi zaku Hollywood zidapanga zikwama zodzikongoletsera za maziko ndi milomo kutchuka.Zikwama zosiyanasiyana zodzikongoletsera, monga zipolopolo, mpira, maloko a zitseko, miphika ndi zikwama zooneka ngati khola la mbalame, zinaonekera chimodzi ndi chimodzi.Komabe, panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, zinthu zinali zosoŵa, ndipo zokongoletsa zikwama mwadzidzidzi zinakhala zinthu zapamwamba.Matumba a amayi onse anali opangidwa ndi zinthu zonyansa za canvas, koma okonza panthawiyo anayenera kupanga mndandanda wa matumba ogula zinthu ndi matumba a njinga.
M'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, amayi anali kuyang'anira malonda otchuka, ndipo zokongoletsera za thumba zinakhala chizindikiro cha udindo ndi mphamvu.Pambuyo pazaka zapakati, miyoyo ya anthu idasefukira ndi makompyuta.Ndi kukwera kwa makompyuta a laputopu, matumba akuluakulu a messenger ndi matumba a kamera akhala okondedwa a achinyamata.M'kupita kwa nthawi, dziko la zokongoletsera zamatumba linakhala lokongola kwambiri, ndi kufalikira kwa minimalism, kutchuka kwa zokongoletsera za ku China, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zikopa za nyama, monga khungu la njoka, khungu la kambuku, ndi khungu la ng'ona.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, monga woimira mafashoni, kukongoletsa thumba kunakhala chinthu chodziwika bwino komanso chodziwika bwino.Mothandizidwa ndi "chitukuko chakum'maŵa" chomwe chinasesa ku Ulaya panthawiyo, kukongoletsa thumba kunakhala kwachilendo.Koma mu nthawi imeneyo, mafashoni anali "patent" ya olemera okha.Ndalama zochepa komanso ntchito zolemetsa zimapangitsa akazi ogwira ntchito kuti asagwirizane ndi mafashoni kapena zikwama.

Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1920, zoulutsira nkhani zinakula kwambiri, ndipo mafashoni sanalinso mwayi wa anthu apamwamba.Azimayi ochokera m'mitundu yonse adalowa nawo m'gulu la mafashoni.Ndipo zokongoletsera za thumba zinayambanso kusonyeza makhalidwe awo.Chikwama cha mikanda chinagwedezeka ndi kugunda kwa nyimbo ndi kumveka, ndikusewera "concerto" yokongola ndi nyimbo zotchuka za jazz panthawiyo.

M'zaka za m'ma 1930, kukula kwa mafilimu a Hollywood kunakhudza kwambiri kutchuka kwa mafashoni.Chikwamacho chimakongoletsedwa ndi mawonekedwe owongolera komanso chimango chabwino cha kabati, zinthu zosavuta, zosavuta komanso zokongola.
M'zaka za m'ma 1940 zodzaza ndi mfuti, mapangidwe okongoletsera thumba adatsindika zothandiza, ndipo machitidwe a pragmatism adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mapangidwe ankhondo.Matumba onyamulidwa pamapewa anali okwiya kwambiri, chifukwa mabilu ndi ma ID omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyika masks a gasi anali otchuka kwambiri.Zovala zothandiza.Ngakhale kuti zaka zodzadza ndi utsi zankhondo zadzetsa mavuto aakulu kwa anthu, zalimbikitsa kutchuka ndi kufeŵetsa kwa kukongoletsa matumba.

M'zaka za m'ma 1950 pamene nkhondo inatha ndipo chuma chinayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa cha kutsekeredwa kwa zaka za nkhondo, chilakolako cha anthu ndi mpikisano wogonana pambuyo pa nkhondo itatha, ndipo zovala za amayi mwamsanga zinasanduka zachigololo ndi zachikazi.Ndipo kukongoletsa kwa thumba ndikofanana ndi chovalacho, ndipo popanda kuchotserapo, chidzakhala chokongola komanso chokongola.

Panthawi imeneyi, nyimbo za rock ndi nyimbo za pop sizinali kusintha kokha kwa nyimbo.Anapanga chinenero chatsopano m’zigawo ndi zikhalidwe zimene achinyamata anavomereza.Kusintha kwa masiketi achichepere ndi mathalauza kudabadwanso ndi kutchuka kwa nyimbo za rock.Masiketi ang'onoang'ono amayitanitsanso kuti pakhale mitundu yatsopano yazikwama zamatumba, kotero kuti mitundu yonse ya timagulu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono timapachikidwa pamapewa a achinyamata.

M'zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi 1980 pamene chuma chinakula mofulumira, mwanjira ina, zokongoletsera zamatumba zakhala chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe.Zida zatsopano ndi mapangidwe akuyambitsidwa nthawi zonse, kuswa lingaliro lachikhalidwe la "kuyika ndalama mu phukusi labwino".Pamene malingaliro a neo-romanticism ndi chitsitsimutso chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 adawonekera muzovala zodziwika bwino, ma satchel ang'onoang'ono, matumba a nsomba ndi matumba ena okhala ndi zokometsera zatsopano komanso zokometsera zimanyamulidwa pamapewa a anthu, zomwe zinawonekeranso pakukula kwachuma., Anthu akupempha kufunitsitsa kuthaŵa makamu ndi phokoso la mzindawo.

M'zaka za m'ma 1990, avant-garde, yomwe inkayang'aniridwa ndi achinyamata, inkawoneka ngati yofanana ndi mafashoni.Mapangidwe omwe adakhala pamalo oyamba pamndandandawo sapatula ambuye a avant-garde omwe amachita bwino pamasewera.Komabe, mchitidwe wa "tsopano ndi mafashoni tsopano" uyenera kupangitsa anthu kuganiza kuti "dziko lino likusintha mofulumira".Zokongoletsera zamatumba zimakhudzidwanso ndi kusintha kofulumira kumeneku, kusonyeza maonekedwe osinthika.

Pofika chaka cha 2000, mawonekedwe a retro apitilirabe, ndipo matumba a sequin atha kukhala chokulirapo.Monga mkazi m'zaka za zana latsopano, kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti zokongoletsera za thumba zomwe zikuzungulirani zikhoza kukhala umboni wa mbiri yakale zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pake.

M’zaka za zana la makumi awiri, anthu apanga zozizwitsa zambiri.Iwo asiyira anthu chuma chamtengo wapatali chosawerengeka chifukwa cha luntha lawo, mwaukali komanso mwaluso.Gudumu lalikulu la wotchiyo likuwulukirabe kutsogolo, ndipo tiyenera kukhulupirira mwamphamvu kuti chiyembekezo chili m’tsogolo, pansi pa mapazi athu.